SPANISH / ES QUE…A2–B1 · Giving reasons

01 / The basic idea

What does es que… do?

Use es que… to give a reason and help someone understand your situation.

It is common in conversation. Think: “The thing is…”

Es que + a complete sentence

Es que tengo que estudiar.

Es que tengo una reunión.

These reasons come from the textbook. Add es que before each one.

02 / An invitation

Explain why you cannot say yes.

— Oye, ¿quieres ir al cine este sábado?

Es que el sábado voy de excursión con unos amigos. Pero podemos ir el domingo, si quieres.

The speaker does not say “no” directly. The reason tells us: “I can’t go on Saturday.”

Reason: a trip with friends.
Another plan: go on Sunday.

A reason and another plan can make it easier to say no politely.

03 / Being late

Explain what happened.

— Otra vez llegas tarde… ¿Qué ha pasado, te has dormido?

— No… Es que he tenido un problema con el autobús. Lo siento mucho.

The speaker explains why they are late.

Reason: a problem with the bus.
Apology: Lo siento mucho.

Es que introduces the explanation. It does not replace an apology.

04 / Leaving

Say what you need to do. Then explain.

Me tengo que ir. Es que tengo clase.

“I have to go. The thing is, I have a class.”

We can use the other reasons in the textbook, too:

Es que tengo que estudiar.

Es que tengo una reunión.

Es que tengo prisa.

Es que llego tarde.

Examples built from the textbook’s list of reasons.

05 / The main difference

Es que or porque?

Both can give a reason. They present it differently.

Es que… ≈ “The thing is…”porque = “because”
Introduces an explanation in a conversation.Directly gives the reason for something.
The situation can already be clear.Often joins an action or situation to its reason.

Compare these two ways to explain leaving:

Me tengo que ir. Es que tengo clase.

Me tengo que ir porque tengo clase.

Porque can also answer “why?”: —¿Por qué te tienes que ir? —Porque tengo clase.

Use porque to say why. Use es que to introduce an explanation: “Please understand my situation.”